Usage of Technology in Language Classrooms

This paper entitled ‘Usage of Technology in Language Classrooms’envisages on the main part that technology plays in aiding the manual teacher to provide the lessons with each details and entertainment. The significance of English language and the distinct tactics adopted for powerful teaching along with the benefits and limitations are briefly discussed in this paper. At the end of this paper, the reader will have a clear view of the positive aspects of using Details and Communication Technologies in language classrooms. English is called as a Hyperlink language, Global language and also called as Lingua Franca. In the Indian context, it is also regarded as ESL (English as a Second Language). English not only aids one particular in studying but also in earning. The implies of teaching and finding out English are very traditional, less fascinating and ineffective. there arises a need to have to use contemporary approaches and tools of ICT (Details and Communication Technologies) to create far better understanding and acquisition of fundamental skills i.e. LSRW (Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing) of the English language.

ICT has in many approaches contributed to the teaching-learning neighborhood for the enhancement of their vocabulary and improvement of the English language capabilities. Some of these approaches, facilities and tools are CAL ( Computer Assisted Studying), CALA (Personal computer Assisted Language Assessment), CALI ( Pc Assisted Language Instruction), Get in touch with (Computer Assisted Language Studying), MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Finding out) , Tell (Technology Enhanced Language Understanding), Blogs, Wiki, e-mail facility, Digital libraries, multimedia, mobile finding out, free of charge and open supply computer software and social media, MOOCs, Virtual classrooms, documentaries, Digital storytelling, Mobile Applications, i-Pads, Digital Notebooks, Tablets, Intelligent Phones, Recorded audio-video supplies, On the internet spoken tutorials, Digital pronunciation dictionaries and so on.

These facilities have enabled in the studying procedure and paved a path for the freedom of finding out according to the learner’s require and comfort. Suitable methods to inculcate ICT in the field of ELT would make certain that the students turn out to be versed in English language skills.

Fantastic scholars say that history often works in a circle. A lot of decades ago, there have been discussions about the want to introduce computer systems and the Internet into schools. For today’s kids, the Web is not an selection, they are born with it. They look to be permanently attached to a device of some kind. There is a personal computer in almost every college space. But several teachers even at effectively-equipped modern day schools by no means use ICT in their lessons. There is nothing at all damaging in the standard indicates of teaching and learning. Soon after all, if the energy goes down, the only “tool” to be used is the teacher.

For example, a teacher shares on how her fifth graders had to memorize a lot of data on cardiovascular ailments, balanced diets and the problems of aging. the teacher happened to jus note the crucial words and then framed a variety of workouts which recycled the new vocabulary, new conversation games using these words have been taken from the internet and a two-minute cartoon clip. the students were asked to prepare little monologues, dialogues, and sketches in groups and make tiny presentations on the topic with the help of on-line pictures from residence.. students came back to school with PPTs which they produced at property, almost certainly with their parents’ assist. Everyone was offered a likelihood to show their function to the class and the teacher was surprised to see that their imagery was much far more colorful and inventive. Some utilized every single color of the rainbow in their brief texts other individuals discovered funny images and soundtracks to go with their Ppt. These new technologies in the classroom could facilitate students and teacher in teaching and understanding method. ICT has been publicized as potentially effective enabling tools for educational modify and reform. The computer systems play a important function in the finding out process, specially in learning the language.

As Hartoyo (2008) stated in his book, a pc is a tool and medium that facilitates people in finding out a language. The need for technological innovation has brought the communication revolution and fast improvement of technological application in teaching and understanding. Each college has utilized the ICT to facilitate the teacher to teach the students in the classroom. A lot of types of application that they use in the classroom enhanced and enhanced the better lesson.

The integration of ICT in the field of language learning is inevitably identified that the ICT and language finding out are two aspects which support each other like two sides of the coin inseparable (Hartoyo, 2010). Thankfully, the use of Personal computer Assisted-Understanding language (Contact) has enhanced noticeably by English teachers. Consideration of Pc Assisted Language Finding out is utilizing a personal computer. This tool is versatile, wealthy and interactive. It is versatile in the term of time and spot. This is due to the computer’s ability to present material is more diverse ways than either book or video does. In addition, Get in touch with is able to generate interaction and boost communicative competence, like supplying genuine material to the class or self – learning. The strategy focuses on personal computer utilization to enhance language understanding.

The use of ICT in education is totally required. ICT is also employed in terms of locating finding out components from the original source. In obtaining articles from international journals, the students can get it just by sitting in front of computers connected to the Web network Learning materials that have been obtained and copied and transferred to the USB, it can also be printed straight so that it can be utilized as finding out components. At the current time teaching and learning are facilitated by pc has been the demand.

According to Kent “ICT in education point of view refers to “information and Communication Technologies (ICT) such as computers, communications facilities and characteristics that variously help teaching, finding out and a variety of activities in education (QCA Schemes of Function for ICT in Kent County Council. 2004). Furthermore, the term info and Communications Technologies involves technologies in which the personal computer plays a central part, i.e. Pc Assisted Language Studying (Call), the world wide web, and assortment of generic computer application (Fitzparick and Davies, 2002)

The development of details technologies, the Net, directs the history of educational technology in the new groove. On the web solutions can be composed of a variety of stages of the process of educational applications such as registration, test entry, payment, understanding, case assignments, case discussions, exams, assessments, discussions, and announcements.

Electronic Books

Electronic book or e-book is a single that utilizes computer technology to provide multimedia info in. In an” e-book can be integrated impressions” sound, graphics, pictures, animations, and” movie” so that the info presented is richer than traditional books. Type e-book of the simplest is a mere transfer of traditional books into an electronic type displayed by the personal computer. With this technology, hundreds of books can be stored in a single piece of strong disc / CD” or” compact disk (capacity of about 700MB), DVD or digital versatile disc” (capacity 4.7 to eight.five GB) and ‘ ‘flash” (at the moment obtainable capacity up to 16 GB). A much more complicated and require a lot more rigorous styles such as the Encyclopedia Britannica and Microsoft Encarta encyclopedia which is in multimedia format. The multimedia format permits e-book offers not only written details but also sound, photos, movies and other multimedia elements. A description of the variety of music, for instance, can be accompanied by footage of the sound of music so that the user can clearly realize what is meant by the renderer. •

E-understanding

A variety of definitions can be identified for the” e-learning”. Victoria L. Tinio, for example, states that” e-learning” includes learning at all levels, formal and informal, which makes use of a laptop network (intranet and extranet) for the delivery of teaching components, interaction, and/or facilitation. For most of the procedure of studying that requires place with the assist of the Net is frequently referred to as online learning.

The broader definition proposed in the working paper SEAMOLEC, the e-understanding is studying by way of electronic services. e-understanding is understanding by using electronic technologies as a signifies of presenting and distributing info. Integrated in the definition of educational tv and radio broadcasts is a kind of e-finding out. Although radio and tv education is a kind of e-studying, it is usually agreed that e-studying reaches peak kind right after synergize with world wide web technologies.

Net-based learning or internet-primarily based finding out in its simplest type is the” website” are utilised to present learning components. This technique enables learners to access learning sources supplied by the speakers or facilitators anytime preferred. If it is necessary that may also be provided mailing list particularly for the studying site that serves as a forum for discussion. E-understanding facility” complete” offered by a special computer software named application or finding out management LMS (finding out management system). Existing operating LMS-based World wide web technologies so it can be accessed from anyplace more than the available access to the net. Facilities offered contain the management of students or learners, understanding materials management, studying management, like management of learning evaluation and management of communication in between learners with facilitators.

This facility enables the understanding activities are managed in the absence of face-to-face amongst the parties involved (administrators, facilitators, learners or learners). ‘Presence’ the parties involved are represented by e-mail, chat channel, or via video conference. In today’s era exactly where details and communication technology is rapidly developed and turns out to be a life-style for people throughout ages and places, its literacy has undoubtedly turn into a prior necessity. The sensitivity of the technologies helps 1 in attending a a lot more crucial task and in attaining a greater achievement in the area of education, expert profession, and social partnership at which its literacy is a major requisite. ICT which stands for Info and Communication and Technologies is elaborated as follows.

a. ICT

ICT covers any item that will retailer, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or get info electronically in a digital form. For instance, individual computers, digital television, e-mail, robots. So ICT is concerned with the storage, retrieval, manipulation, transmission or receipt of digital data. Importantly, it is also concerned with the way these different makes use of can work with every other.

Information

Info indicates the processed information in a meaningful and purposeful kind according to Shore in Hartoyo (2012:2)

Communication

According to Potts, communication is defined as a method by which we assign and convey meaning in an attempt to generate shared understanding. Brown (2011) stated communication is a transfer of data from a single person to another, no matter whether or not it elicits self-assurance. But the details transferred should be understandable to the receiver.

Technology

Technologies derived from the word ‘techno’ which indicates technique, art or talent, and ‘logos’ which means science. As a result, technology can be defined as a scientific understanding of art or skill.

Primarily based on the definitions of the three components, ICT as a whole can be described as the utility of technology to help the effort of conveying info and communication particularly in the area of education. The method contains digital technologies largely of electronic details – processing technologies, such as computers, web, mobile phones, networks, broadband, and so on.

b. The advantages of ICT in general

ICT is discovered to be advantageous in several ways as described by Herington (2002), (1) technologies facilitates exposure to genuine language (2) technology supplies the access to wider sources of information and varieties of language (three) technology gives the chance to folks to communicate with the globe outdoors (4) technologies permits a learner-centered approach (5) technologies develops learner’s autonomy. ICT assist folks in order to get details and to communicate every single other in wider variety.

c. ICT Tools in Language Context

There are some types of technologies classified into data and communication technologies generally utilised in language context, such as:

Interactive multimedia

Interactive media is the integration of digital media such as combinations of electronic text, graphics, moving photos, and sound, into a structured digital computerized environment that makes it possible for men and women to interact with the data for suitable purposes. The digital atmosphere can include the Net, telecoms and interactive digital television. (Finney, 2011:two)

Laptop

The laptop can be utilized with other multimedia finding out devices or it can stand alone (a standard Pc) and nevertheless serves its basic goal as an electronic medium of language understanding. (Hartoyo, 2012:29).

The laptop is an electronic device which is capable of receiving information (information) and performing a sequence of logical operations in accordance with a predetermined but variable set of procedural instruction (program) to create results in the type of details or signals based on Oxford dictionary. It is consist of CPU, monitor, keyboard and some other apparatus.

Audio devices

Audio devices can be used with other media to form an interactive multimedia. Nevertheless, it can also be utilized separately as an independent tool. Audio devices incorporate a speaker, earphone, CD, and and so forth.

Internet

The World wide web can be utilised as a medium of language finding out through e-mail, www (world wide internet), text, audio and video conferencing.

Tv

According to Oxford dictionary, tv is a technique for converting visual pictures (with sound) into electrical signals, transmitting them by radio or other means, and displaying them electronically on a screen.

Phone

This telephone medium has not been broadly utilised for language teaching since of the poor quality of analog transmissions. Nevertheless, there is new invent of digital top quality and lower connection cost which possible for conference calls.

Mobile gadget

Mobile gadgets such as cell phone and smartphone which are equipped with programs like a personal computer, which allow it to execute as a mini personal personal computer. By utilizing this gadget and its net connection, everybody could get pleasure from chatting, browsing, and go over each other with the wider range. The advancement of science and technologies makes the size and price tag of these gadgets are acquiring less expensive and reachable.

Social interface

This media gives facility or instance that enables an interaction amongst human and personal computer. People set up more interaction with the pc in a much more intuitive way with much less work-through writing, voice, touch, eye movements, and other gestures. (Hartoyo,2012:34) This technology serves as the milestone of the current development of interactive multimedia, audio-graphic personal computer teleconference, and interactive tv via satellite (National Broadband of Employment, Education, and Coaching, 1993:five).

Interactive whiteboard

An interactive whiteboard or IWB is a huge interactive show (such as a touchscreen monitor) which is connected to a pc and projector. A projector projects the computers’ desktop onto the board’s surface, exactly where users handle the personal computer employing a pen, finger or other devices.

d. Present application of ICT in English language teaching and learning

ICT defined as a technologies which the function is to assistance the approach of conveying details and communication. The approaches of conveying data do not have to be carried out straight amongst the communicator and the communicant. The development of ICT tends to make the method of communication in between the communicator and the communicant can be conveyed in effortless methods. They can communicate by way of phone, web, e-mail, satellite, tv, video conference and so on. The method of these communications applies to language learning. In language understanding, there is a communication between teacher and student. The approach of studying is not always carried out by subjecting teacher and students in the specific area or a particular spot directly. As the example, the teacher can use the web as the medium to give lessons, assignments, or other info to their students.

In the context of language learning, ICT has an important function as the “media” bridging and enabling the understanding procedure, or direct communication between students and teacher even though they are not present in the same room or place in certain time. Language understanding plan can be produced to enable students to learn the lessons with guidance, instruction, information or further explanation. ICT in language finding out utilized as a reference book. The laptop can retailer limitless lessons or references, which can be accessed anytime, anyplace and accurately. Fitzpatrick and Davies (2002) in Hartoyo (2012) sets out the seven methods in which ICT utilised in language understanding:

a) Presentation

Some material of language finding out such as text-based supplies, audio-video requirements to present to the learners. Presentation assists learners in understanding the finding out material nicely.

b) Practice

Some of the various workout routines kinds are achievable to be supplied with ICT, incorporating the presentation stimuli in varying combinations of text, audio, and video format. ICT also gives the possibility of the analyzing learners’ responses with suitable feedback. (Hartoyo, 2012:40)

c) Authoring

In applying ICT in language finding out, the teacher can either buy prepared-created components or develop their personal workout supplies utilizing a variety of authoring tools based on Hartoyo (2012:40).

d) Computer-Aided Assessment (CAA)

Pc-Aided Assessment (CAA) is playing an increasingly important role in foreign language teaching and understanding. This media utilized for testing and assessing students understanding following studying some courses.

e) Publishing

ICT tools exist to aid teachers and learners or students in publishing or linked in their operate in a nearby location network. ICT could use by the teacher and learners to aid them publish their work in these approaches:

Word – processors and Desk Leading Publishing (DTP) computer software

Carrying out audio recording and editing tools to record interview, discussions, understanding material and etc

Employing digital camera and camcorder to record presentations, drama, role play, and so on

Powerpoint can be utilized as the medium to publish presentations

Net pages using internet authoring tools

f) Communications

Technology can support learners and teachers to communicate with another. Some ICT tools which can use as the medium of data are 1) Email, which allows language learners to communicate with ‘web pals’ in other countries two) Tandem learning 3) personal computer-mediated discussion four) web-primarily based learning atmosphere 5) audio conferencing 6) Video Conferencing.

g) Simulation:

The computer can act as a stimulus which generates analysis, critical considering, discussion, and writing. A system which includes simulations is specially powerful as stimuli. Examples of language understanding tasks which ‘simulate’ real world tasks are: 1) Internet Quest two) Action Mazes 3) Adventure games four) Sunpower five) Expodisc 6) “Real-life” simulations 7) video conference.

ICT seems to give both advantages and disadvantages. ICT in language studying reduces the intimacy of students – teacher partnership that it might negatively contribute to students powerful feelings in the process of understanding. Even so, ICT seems as a ‘bridge’ to break the distance and ‘survive’ the studying. In case of distance, teachers can use ICT by means of video conference to enable them to teach or monitor the students finding out the process. Consequently, the improvement of ICT is observed as a much better way of teaching and understanding a certain language compared to the current approaches. Via the world wide web, teacher or learners can acquire as several as achievable sources associated to the learned – language such as text, songs, stories, etc. Those sources can contribute as models of the discovered – language use in the actual context and in a appropriate manner. In addition, the laptop can also be utilised as a a lot more interactive help to assistance the understanding of language compared to that of a tape recorder, or chalk and blackboard. Even so, you can see that numerous of the technology solutions offered in the planet of education can lead to confusion among the teachers on how to choose the correct ICT technology options. Let’s take a appear at the benefits and disadvantages of ICT tools for education and discovering a suitable ICT education solution for the demands of the school.

Positive aspects:

The information needed will be much more rapidly and very easily accessible for educational purposes

The progress of ICT will also let the improvement of virtual classroom or classroom-based teleconference that does not need the educator and learners to be in the same space. System administration in an institution will be far more simply and smoothly manageable because of the application of ICT systems.

Disadvantages:

The progress of ICT will lead to the violation of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) for the straightforward access to the information.

Despite the fact that the program of the administration of an educational institution like a method with out a gap, if there is a recklessness in running the system would be unsafe.

1 of the adverse impacts of television is to train kids to think quick and survive concentrated in a quick time (a brief span of consideration).

ICT is a form of advanced science technologies have to be an optimized function, particularly in the implementation of studying. ICT supplies opportunities for students in the era of global competition wants to acquire sufficient supplies. by means of innovative ICT-primarily based finding out can offer vast possibilities for students to have competence on an international scale. On the other hand, mental attitude and self-reliance in accessing any info required for finding out independently influence the worth of teaching student’s character it does not always rely on other people. Mastering current tick is a necessity for every single human being inedible age. as well as in education, innovative finding out, specifically learning can be completed by using the World wide web to produce device-based studying ICT